Who Is A Nigerian Citizen By Birth?

Nigeria is a country with a rich and diverse culture, inhabited by over 200 million people. As a result of its cultural diversity, the country has several ethnic groups, each with its customs and traditions. These ethnic groups are represented in the Nigerian citizenship by birth. In this article, we will explore the meaning of Nigerian citizenship by birth, how to obtain it, and the rights and privileges associated with it.

What Is Nigerian Citizenship By Birth?

Nigerian citizenship by birth is a legal status that confers on an individual the right to be recognized as a citizen of Nigeria from the moment of birth. This means that if you were born in Nigeria or to a Nigerian parent, you are automatically a Nigerian citizen by birth. This is in line with the provisions of the Nigerian Constitution, which recognizes jus soli (right of the soil) and jus sanguinis (right of blood) as the basis for citizenship.

How To Obtain Nigerian Citizenship By Birth

As mentioned earlier, being born in Nigeria or to a Nigerian parent automatically makes you a Nigerian citizen by birth. However, there are certain requirements that must be met before you can be recognized as a Nigerian citizen. Firstly, you must register your birth with the National Population Commission (NPC) or any other relevant government agency. This is important as it provides proof of your Nigerian citizenship by birth.

Secondly, if you were born outside Nigeria to a Nigerian parent, you can apply for Nigerian citizenship by birth. This is done by completing an application form and providing the necessary documents such as your birth certificate, passport, and proof of Nigerian parentage. Your application will be assessed, and if successful, you will be issued a Nigerian passport and other relevant documents.

Rights And Privileges of Nigerian Citizens By Birth

Nigerian citizens by birth enjoy several rights and privileges as enshrined in the Nigerian Constitution. These rights and privileges include:

Right to Vote

Nigerian citizens by birth have the right to vote and be voted for in any election in Nigeria. This means that they can participate in the democratic process of the country by electing their leaders and holding them accountable.

Right to Work

Nigerian citizens by birth have the right to work and earn a living in any part of Nigeria. They are also eligible for government employment and can compete for any job opening in the country.

Right to Education

Nigerian citizens by birth have the right to education at all levels, from basic to tertiary. The government provides free education up to the junior secondary level, and there are several scholarships and grants available for citizens who wish to further their education.

Right to Own Property

Nigerian citizens by birth have the right to own property, whether it is land or movable assets. This means that they can acquire and dispose of property as they see fit, without any interference from the government.

Right to Freedom of Speech and Expression

Nigerian citizens by birth have the right to freedom of speech and expression. They can express their opinions on any matter without fear of persecution or harassment from the government or any other individual.

Right to Health Care

Nigerian citizens by birth have the right to access healthcare services in any part of Nigeria. The government provides free healthcare services at the primary level, and there are several health insurance schemes available for citizens who wish to access more advanced healthcare services.

Challenges with Obtaining Nigerian Citizenship By Birth

While Nigerian citizenship by birth is a right conferred on individuals by the Nigerian Constitution, there are several challenges associated with obtaining it. One of the biggest challenges is the lack of registration of births. Many births go unregistered, particularly in rural areas, which makes it difficult for individuals to prove their citizenship by birth.

Another challenge is the issue of dual citizenship. Nigeria does not recognize dual citizenship, which means that if you obtain citizenship in another country, you may be required to renounce your Nigerian citizenship. This can be a difficult choice for many individuals who have strong ties to Nigeria.

Final Thoughts

In conclusion, Nigerian citizenship by birth is an important legal status that confers several rights and privileges on individuals. It is a right that is enshrined in the Nigerian Constitution, and every Nigerian citizen should be proud of it. However, there are challenges associated with obtaining it, such as the lack of registration of births and the issue of dual citizenship. As a country, we must work towards addressing these challenges to ensure that every Nigerian citizen has access to their rights and privileges.